Substance use disorder is a complex condition that can significantly impact an individual’s life and well-being. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking appropriate treatment starts with understanding the diagnostic criteria for this disorder.
In our guide, we will review the main substance use disorder criteria as well as the role of mental health professionals in diagnosing and treating this condition. We will also cover the dangers of leaving this disorder untreated and the benefits of timely professional intervention.
What Is Substance Use Disorder?
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a mental health disorder that affects a person’s brain and behavior and leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug. Alcohol, marijuana, and nicotine are also considered drugs.
The disorder can range from mild to severe and be accompanied by a wide range of physical and mental symptoms, from headaches and nausea to aggressive behavior and hallucinations. It is often diagnosed based on the criteria listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
Diagnostic Criteria for Substance Use Disorder
According to the DSM, there are 11 criteria used to determine whether a person is struggling with SUD:
- Lack of Control—You take the substance in larger amounts and over a longer period than you intended.
- Unsuccessful Attempts to Quit—You want to cut down or control substance use but cannot do it.
- Time Investment—You spend a lot of time acquiring, using, and recovering from the substance.
- Cravings—You experience an intense desire to use the substance.
- Neglected Obligations—You fail to fulfill your duties at work, school, or home because of substance use.
- Damage to Personal Relationships—You continue using the substance despite it causing fights with your friends and family.
- Loss of Interest in Activities—You give up on hobbies and social activities in favor of drug use.
- Hazardous Use—You use the substance in dangerous settings (for example, while driving).
- Worsening of Physical and Mental Health—You continue taking the drug despite it causing issues for your health.
- Development of Tolerance—You need to take larger quantities of the substance to achieve the desired effect.
- Withdrawal—You experience mental and physical symptoms after you stop taking the drug.
It is not necessary to meet all 11 criteria to be diagnosed with SUD—if a person fits 2 or 3 criteria, they may have a mild form of the disorder, while meeting 6 or more criteria usually means the disorder is severe.
Consequences of Untreated Substance Use Disorder
It is crucial to address SUD as soon as it is diagnosed—if this disorder is left untreated, it may lead to devastating consequences:
- Physical Health Issues—Drug abuse is associated with numerous health conditions, from a weakened immune system and respiratory diseases to heart attack and stroke.
- Mental Health Problems—Substance use may alter the brain structure and function, leading to anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts.
- Strained Relationships—Addicts often lie to their loved ones and fail to spend time with their friends and family, which leads to misunderstandings and conflicts.
- Poor Work or Academic Performance—A person addicted to drugs is unlikely to be able to concentrate on their work or studies, which may result in demotion or expulsion.
- Legal and Financial Trouble—Drug addiction may push a person to participate in illegal activities and spend all of their savings on substance use.
Benefits of Professional Addiction Treatment
There are many reasons to reach out to a healthcare provider and get help with SUD from a qualified therapist:
- Customized Treatment Plan—A healthcare provider will be able to assess the condition of the patient and come up with a personalized plan that suits the needs of the individual.
- Safe Detoxification—It can be dangerous to quit drugs abruptly without medical assistance – make sure you stop the substance use under the supervision of a doctor.
- Therapy and Medication—A therapist will help the patient understand the root cause of their addiction and prescribe medication that will aid their recovery.
- Supportive Environment—Whether you enroll in an inpatient or outpatient program, you will be surrounded by medical professionals and peers who will be able to support you during this challenging time.
FAQs
What Are the Criteria for Substance Use Disorder?
There are 11 criteria for SUD listed in the DSM—they include the inability to control drug use, failing to quit substance use, intense cravings, and the development of withdrawal symptoms.
How Is Substance Use Disorder Diagnosed?
SUD can be diagnosed by a mental health professional who will talk to the patient, examine their behavior, and determine how many DSM criteria the patient fits.
What Are the 4 Types of Substance Use Disorders?
The four categories of substance use are impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria. A person may suffer from addiction if their behavior fits these categories.
What Are the 3 Levels of Substance Use Disorder?
SUD may be diagnosed as mild, moderate, or severe depending on the number of criteria met by the patient. For instance, meeting only two criteria means the disorder is mild.
Why Is It Important to Treat Substance Use Disorder?
If drug addiction is not addressed, it may lead to disastrous consequences for the physical and mental health of the individual—their personal life, career, and freedom may be at risk.
Embracing a Clearer Future With Clear Mind Treatment
Understanding and recognizing substance use disorder criteria is the first step on the way to recovery. Whether you have diagnosed yourself or you are worried about the behavior of your loved one, reaching out to a mental health professional for help will allow you to build a better future.
Our team at Clear Mind Treatment is here to support you. Do not hesitate to get in touch with us—our professionals will be able to diagnose your condition, come up with a personalized treatment plan, and offer you continuous support and guidance.
